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Proof of `Bernstein numbers under a projection` (2nd statement)

groundedproofs/Lax606786Proofs/GrassmannianContraction.lean · lax-606786

What this proof establishes

Assuming the claims on the left, the claim on the right holds — checked by the archive's pipeline. Proof code is not displayed here.

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Description

Lemma 17 of Lee (2024). Fix U0∈𝒢lXU₀ ∈ 𝒢_l X with gT∘P(U0)>0g_{T∘P}(U₀) > 0; then PP is injective on U0U₀ and U:=PU0≤VU := P U₀ ≤ V satisfies gT(U)≥gT∘P(U0)/‖P‖g_T(U) ≥ g_{T∘P}(U₀)/‖P‖. For a unit vector x∈U⊕Ex ∈ U ⊕ E, the splitting x=Px+(1−P)xx = P x + (1 - P) x is carried by TT to the splitting along P′P', so ‖Tx‖≥gT(U)max‖Px‖,‖(1−P)x‖/(1+‖P′‖)‖T x‖ ≥ g_T(U) max{‖P x‖, ‖(1 - P) x‖}/(1 + ‖P'‖), using gT(E)>‖T∣V‖≥gT(U)g_T(E) > ‖T|_V‖ ≥ g_T(U). Since max‖Px‖,‖(1−P)x‖≥1/2max{‖P x‖, ‖(1 - P) x‖} ≥ 1/2 and 1+‖P′‖≤2‖P′‖1 + ‖P'‖ ≤ 2‖P'‖, the (l+k)(l + k)-dimensional space U⊕EU ⊕ E has gT(U⊕E)≥gT∘P(U0)/(4‖P‖‖P′‖)g_T(U ⊕ E) ≥ g_{T∘P}(U₀)/(4‖P‖‖P'‖), and taking the supremum over U0U₀ gives the bound.