Proof of `Monadically dependent classes exclude large (φ, ψ)-patterns`

groundedproofs/Lax185574Proofs/ForbiddenPhiPsiPatterns.lean · lax-185574

What this proof establishes

Assuming the claims on the left, the claim on the right holds — checked by the archive's pipeline. Proof code is not displayed here.

Read the Lean proof on GitHub

In the paper

  • page 60 of this submission's paper
  • page 60 of this submission's paper

Description

The proof in the paper. Color a pair of index pairs ((i,i′),(j,j′))((i, i'), (j, j')) by the truth values of φ(āᵢ', c_{i,j}) and ψ(bˉj′,ci,j)ψ(b̄ⱼ', c_{i,j}), and take homogeneous sets II, JJ by the bipartite Ramsey lemma. Pair up consecutive elements of II and JJ: with ūᵢ = āᵣ āᵣ' for the 2i2i-th and (2i+1)(2i+1)-st elements r<r′r < r' of II, likewise wˉjw̄ⱼ, and di,j=cr,sd_{i,j} = c_{r,s}, the exclusive or φ(xˉ1,z)⊕φ(xˉ2,z)φ(x̄₁, z) ⊕ φ(x̄₂, z) holds of ūᵢ', d_{i,j} exactly when i′=ii' = i: earlier pairs see two equal truth values by homogeneity, the pair itself sees true then false, and later pairs see false twice. The same holds for the columns. Then the formula γ=∃z(U(z)∧(φ⊕φ)∧(ψ⊕ψ))γ = ∃z (U(z) ∧ (φ ⊕ φ) ∧ (ψ ⊕ ψ)), with UU coloring the grid points di,h(J)d_{i, h(J)} for i∈Ji ∈ J, encodes membership i∈Ji ∈ J for an injection hh of the subsets of [k][k] into the columns. By Baldwin–Shelah this bounds kk, hence the order of the pattern.

The argument is carried out for the graph classes of the archive and their monadic dependence, and transferred to the graph classes used here.