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Oseledets decompositions

Lax606786.OseledetsDecompositions · concepts/Lax606786/OseledetsDecompositions.lean · lax-606786

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    Natural Language Statement

    Definition

    Let L\mathcal{L} be a cocycle on a Banach space XX. An Oseledets decomposition of L\mathcal{L} consists of a number L∈{1,2,…,∞}L \in \{1, 2, \ldots, \infty\}, exponents λi\lambda_i, multiplicities mim_i, fast spaces Ei(ω)E_i(\omega), slow spaces Vl(ω)V_l(\omega) and projections Πl(ω)\Pi_l(\omega) with exactly the properties asserted by the semi-invertible Oseledets decomposition theorem:

    • the λi\lambda_i (i≤Li \le L) are almost surely the distinct Lyapunov exponents of L\mathcal{L}, i<Li < L holds exactly when mi≠0m_i \ne 0 almost surely, and L≥2L \ge 2 exactly when L\mathcal{L} is quasicompact;
    • the EiE_i are measurable and the Πl\Pi_l strongly measurable and tempered;
    • for i<Li < L, almost surely Ei(ω)E_i(\omega) has dimension mim_i, LωEi(ω)=Ei(σω)\mathcal{L}_\omega E_i(\omega) = E_i(\sigma\omega), and both ∥Lω(n)∣Ei(ω)∥\|\mathcal{L}^{(n)}_\omega|_{E_i(\omega)}\| and g(Lω(n),Ei(ω))g(\mathcal{L}^{(n)}_\omega, E_i(\omega)) grow at exponential rate λi\lambda_i;
    • for 2≤l≤L2 \le l \le L, almost surely X=E1(ω)⊕⋯⊕El−1(ω)⊕Vl(ω)X = E_1(\omega) \oplus \cdots \oplus E_{l-1}(\omega) \oplus V_l(\omega), LωVl(ω)⊆Vl(σω)\mathcal{L}_\omega V_l(\omega) \subseteq V_l(\sigma\omega), Πl(ω)\Pi_l(\omega) is the projection onto Vl(ω)V_l(\omega) along E1(ω)⊕⋯⊕El−1(ω)E_1(\omega) \oplus \cdots \oplus E_{l-1}(\omega), and Vl(ω)={x∈X:λω(x)≤λl}V_l(\omega) = \{x \in X : \lambda_\omega(x) \le \lambda_l\}.

    Indices are zero-based as in the decomposition theorem: lamilam i is λi+1\lambda_{i+1}, EiE i is Ei+1E_{i+1}, mdimi+1mdim i + 1 is mi+1m_{i+1}, LvalLval is LL, and V(l+1)V (l + 1), P(l+1)P (l + 1) are Vl+2V_{l+2}, Πl+2\Pi_{l+2}. The fast spaces EihiE i hi are given only at the indices with hi:i+2≤Lvalhi : i + 2 ≤ Lval, so on the zero space, where L=1L = 1, there are none. The values of lamlam, mdimmdim, VV and PP at indices beyond LL are unconstrained.

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    Lean source view on GitLab

    1import Lax606786.Cocycles
    2import Mathlib.Order.CompletePartialOrder
    3
    4/-!
    5---
    6title: Oseledets decompositions
    7type: definition
    8---
    9Let L\mathcal{L} be a cocycle on a Banach space XX. An *Oseledets decomposition* of
    10L\mathcal{L} consists of a number L∈{1,2,…,∞}L \in \{1, 2, \ldots, \infty\}, exponents λi\lambda_i,
    11multiplicities mim_i, fast spaces Ei(ω)E_i(\omega), slow spaces Vl(ω)V_l(\omega) and projections
    12Πl(ω)\Pi_l(\omega) with exactly the properties asserted by the semi-invertible Oseledets
    13decomposition theorem:
    14
    15- the λi\lambda_i (i≤Li \le L) are almost surely the distinct Lyapunov exponents of
    16 L\mathcal{L}, i<Li < L holds exactly when mi≠0m_i \ne 0 almost surely, and L≥2L \ge 2 exactly when
    17 L\mathcal{L} is quasicompact;
    18- the EiE_i are measurable and the Πl\Pi_l strongly measurable and tempered;
    19- for i<Li < L, almost surely Ei(ω)E_i(\omega) has dimension mim_i,
    20 LωEi(ω)=Ei(σω)\mathcal{L}_\omega E_i(\omega) = E_i(\sigma\omega), and both
    21 ∥Lω(n)∣Ei(ω)∥\|\mathcal{L}^{(n)}_\omega|_{E_i(\omega)}\| and g(Lω(n),Ei(ω))g(\mathcal{L}^{(n)}_\omega, E_i(\omega))
    22 grow at exponential rate λi\lambda_i;
    23- for 2≤l≤L2 \le l \le L, almost surely
    24 X=E1(ω)⊕⋯⊕El−1(ω)⊕Vl(ω)X = E_1(\omega) \oplus \cdots \oplus E_{l-1}(\omega) \oplus V_l(\omega),
    25 LωVl(ω)⊆Vl(σω)\mathcal{L}_\omega V_l(\omega) \subseteq V_l(\sigma\omega), Πl(ω)\Pi_l(\omega) is the projection
    26 onto Vl(ω)V_l(\omega) along E1(ω)⊕⋯⊕El−1(ω)E_1(\omega) \oplus \cdots \oplus E_{l-1}(\omega), and
    27 Vl(ω)={x∈X:λω(x)≤λl}V_l(\omega) = \{x \in X : \lambda_\omega(x) \le \lambda_l\}.
    28
    29Indices are zero-based as in the decomposition theorem: `lam i` is λi+1\lambda_{i+1}, `E i` is
    30Ei+1E_{i+1}, `mdim i + 1` is mi+1m_{i+1}, `Lval` is LL, and `V (l + 1)`, `P (l + 1)` are Vl+2V_{l+2},
    31Πl+2\Pi_{l+2}. The fast spaces `E i hi` are given only at the indices with `hi : i + 2 ≤ Lval`,
    32so on the zero space, where L=1L = 1, there are none. The values of `lam`, `mdim`, `V` and `P` at
    33indices beyond LL are unconstrained.
    34-/
    35
    36namespace Lax606786.OseledetsDecompositions
    37
    38open MeasureTheory Filter TopologicalSpace
    39open Lax606786.Grassmannian Lax606786.OperatorStatistics Lax606786.ExtendedLog
    40 Lax606786.Cocycles
    41
    42/-- The sum `E_1(ω) ⊕ ⋯ ⊕ E_{l+1}(ω)` of the first `l + 1` fast spaces. The fast spaces are only
    43given at the indices `i` with `i + 2 ≤ Lval`, and the supremum ranges over those. -/
    44def fastSum {Ω X : Type*} [NormedAddCommGroup X] [NormedSpace ℝ X] {Lval : ℕ∞} {mdim : ℕ → ℕ}
    45 (E : ∀ i : ℕ, ((i + 2 : ℕ) : ℕ∞) ≤ Lval → Ω → GrassmannianFin X (mdim i + 1))
    46 (l : ℕ) (ω : Ω) : Submodule ℝ X :=
    47 ⨆ (i : ℕ) (hi : ((i + 2 : ℕ) : ℕ∞) ≤ Lval) (_ : i ∈ Finset.range (l + 1)),
    48 ((E i hi ω).1 : Submodule ℝ X)
    49
    50/-- The data `(Lval, lam, mdim, E, V, P)` is an Oseledets decomposition of `R`: it satisfies
    51every clause of the semi-invertible Oseledets decomposition theorem. -/
    52def IsOseledetsDecomposition {Ω X : Type*} [MeasurableSpace Ω] [StandardBorelSpace Ω]
    53 [NormedAddCommGroup X] [NormedSpace ℝ X] [MeasurableSpace X] (R : Cocycle Ω X)
    54 (Lval : ℕ∞) (lam : ℕ → EReal) (mdim : ℕ → ℕ)
    55 (E : ∀ i : ℕ, ((i + 2 : ℕ) : ℕ∞) ≤ Lval → Ω → GrassmannianFin X (mdim i + 1))
    56 (V : ℕ → Ω → Submodule ℝ X) (P : ℕ → Ω → X →L[ℝ] X) : Prop :=
    57 1 ≤ Lval ∧
    58 (∀ i : ℕ, (i : ℕ∞) < Lval → ∀ᵐ ω ∂(R.μ), R.lambda i ω = lam i) ∧
    59 (∀ i : ℕ, ((i + 2 : ℕ) : ℕ∞) ≤ Lval ↔ ∀ᵐ ω ∂(R.μ), R.mult i ω ≠ 0) ∧
    60 ((2 : ℕ∞) ≤ Lval ↔ R.IsQuasicompact) ∧
    61 -- measurability and temperedness
    62 (∀ i hi, Measurable (E i hi)) ∧
    63 (∀ i, ∀ x : X, Measurable fun ω => P i ω x) ∧
    64 (∀ i, R.IsTempered (P i)) ∧
    65 -- the fast spaces
    66 (∀ (i : ℕ) (hi : ((i + 2 : ℕ) : ℕ∞) ≤ Lval), ∀ᵐ ω ∂(R.μ),
    67 R.mult i ω = mdim i + 1 ∧
    68 Submodule.map (R.L ω : X →ₗ[ℝ] X) ((E i hi ω).1 : Submodule ℝ X)
    69 = ((E i hi (R.σ ω)).1 : Submodule ℝ X) ∧
    70 Tendsto (fun n : ℕ => logEReal
    71 ‖(R.iterate n ω).comp (((E i hi ω).1 : Submodule ℝ X)).subtypeL‖ / (n : EReal))
    72 atTop (nhds (lam i)) ∧
    73 Tendsto (fun n : ℕ => logEReal
    74 (growth (R.iterate n ω) ((E i hi ω).1 : Submodule ℝ X)) / (n : EReal))
    75 atTop (nhds (lam i))) ∧
    76 -- the decompositions
    77 (∀ l : ℕ, ((l + 2 : ℕ) : ℕ∞) ≤ Lval → ∀ᵐ ω ∂(R.μ),
    78 IsCompl (fastSum E l ω) (V (l + 1) ω) ∧
    79 Submodule.map (R.L ω : X →ₗ[ℝ] X) (V (l + 1) ω) ≤ V (l + 1) (R.σ ω) ∧
    80 (P (l + 1) ω).comp (P (l + 1) ω) = P (l + 1) ω ∧
    81 V (l + 1) ω = LinearMap.range ((P (l + 1) ω : X →ₗ[ℝ] X)) ∧
    82 (∀ x ∈ fastSum E l ω, P (l + 1) ω x = 0) ∧
    83 (V (l + 1) ω : Set X) = {x : X | R.lambdaAt ω x ≤ lam (l + 1)})
    84
    85end Lax606786.OseledetsDecompositions
    86

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