The Abiteboul–Vianu theorem
Lax134656.AbiteboulVianu · concepts/Lax134656/AbiteboulVianu.lean · lax-134656
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Theorem
On finite structures without an order, the inflationary and the partial fixed-point logics define the same problems if and only if PTIME = PSPACE. If the classes are equal, an order-free partial definition is relativized to an order, captured in PSPACE = PTIME, and brought back. Conversely, an order-free FO(PFP) computation with variables is invariant under the equivalence of -tuples by the -pebble game; it therefore runs on the structure of the equivalence classes, which carries a linear order definable by an inflationary induction, and there the equality of the logics on ordered structures applies. The proof follows the machine-free route of Dawar, Lindell and Weinstein and of Ebbinghaus and Flum.
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Evidence
Each proof establishes this claim relative to its assumptions.
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| 1 | import Lax904597.Problems |
| 2 | import Lax904597.Interpretations |
| 3 | import Lax904597.Relativized |
| 4 | import Lax904597.SecondOrder |
| 5 | import Lax904597.Classes |
| 6 | import Lax904597.Machines |
| 7 | import Lax485149.Problems |
| 8 | import Lax485149.Complement |
| 9 | import Lax535992.InflationaryFixedPoint |
| 10 | import Lax535992.DeterministicMachines |
| 11 | import Lax535992.ClassPTIME |
| 12 | import Lax564036.Hierarchy |
| 13 | import Lax134656.SecondOrderTransitiveClosure |
| 14 | import Lax134656.OrderFreeTransitiveClosure |
| 15 | import Lax134656.PartialFixedPoint |
| 16 | import Lax134656.Qsat |
| 17 | import Lax134656.SuccinctReach |
| 18 | import Lax134656.SpaceBoundedMachines |
| 19 | import Lax134656.ClassPSPACE |
| 20 | |
| 21 | /-! |
| 22 | --- |
| 23 | title: The Abiteboul–Vianu theorem |
| 24 | type: theorem |
| 25 | --- |
| 26 | On finite structures without an order, the inflationary and the partial |
| 27 | fixed-point logics define the same problems if and only if PTIME = PSPACE. |
| 28 | If the classes are equal, an order-free partial definition is relativized |
| 29 | to an order, captured in PSPACE = PTIME, and brought back. Conversely, an |
| 30 | order-free FO(PFP) computation with variables is invariant under the |
| 31 | equivalence of -tuples by the -pebble game; it therefore runs on the |
| 32 | structure of the equivalence classes, which carries a linear order |
| 33 | definable by an inflationary induction, and there the equality of the |
| 34 | logics on ordered structures applies. The proof follows the machine-free |
| 35 | route of Dawar, Lindell and Weinstein and of Ebbinghaus and Flum. |
| 36 | -/ |
| 37 | |
| 38 | namespace Lax134656.AbiteboulVianu |
| 39 | |
| 40 | open FirstOrder FirstOrder.Language |
| 41 | open Lax904597.Problems Lax904597.Interpretations Lax904597.Relativized Lax904597.SecondOrder |
| 42 | open Lax904597.Classes Lax904597.Machines |
| 43 | open Lax485149.Problems Lax485149.Complement |
| 44 | open Lax535992.InflationaryFixedPoint Lax535992.DeterministicMachines Lax535992.ClassPTIME |
| 45 | open Lax564036.Hierarchy |
| 46 | open Lax134656.SecondOrderTransitiveClosure Lax134656.OrderFreeTransitiveClosure |
| 47 | open Lax134656.PartialFixedPoint |
| 48 | open Lax134656.Qsat Lax134656.SuccinctReach Lax134656.SpaceBoundedMachines Lax134656.ClassPSPACE |
| 49 | |
| 50 | /-- Order-free FO(IFP) = order-free FO(PFP) exactly when PTIME = PSPACE. -/ |
| 51 | axiom ifpDefinableFree_eq_pfpDefinableFree_iff_ptime_eq_pspace : |
| 52 | (∀ {L : Language.{0, 0}} [L.IsRelational] (P : DecisionProblem L), |
| 53 | IFPDefinableFree P ↔ PFPDefinableFree P) ↔ PTIME = PSPACE |
| 54 | |
| 55 | end Lax134656.AbiteboulVianu |
| 56 |
Builds on
Lax134656.ClassPSPACELax134656.OrderFreeTransitiveClosureLax134656.PartialFixedPointLax134656.QsatLax134656.SecondOrderTransitiveClosureLax134656.SpaceBoundedMachinesLax134656.SuccinctReachLax485149.ComplementLax485149.ProblemsLax535992.ClassPTIMELax535992.DeterministicMachinesLax535992.InflationaryFixedPointLax564036.HierarchyLax904597.ClassesLax904597.InterpretationsLax904597.MachinesLax904597.ProblemsLax904597.RelativizedLax904597.SecondOrder
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