Lax485480.CographWelzlTreeUpperBound
Cographs have logarithmic Welzl trees
concepts/Lax485480/CographWelzlTreeUpperBound.lean · lax-485480
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Evidence
Each proof establishes this claim relative to its assumptions.
Theorem
Every cograph on n positive vertices has a spanning tree of crossing number at most for its open-neighborhood set system.
Indeed, a Welzl order determines the path that joins consecutive vertices. A set crosses exactly the same consecutive pairs in the order as it crosses edges of this path. The logarithmic Welzl-order bound for cographs therefore transfers without loss to spanning trees.
In the terminology of Crespelle and Gambette, the underlying order theorem is their logarithmic upper bound on cograph contiguity: a neighborhood that is the union of few intervals has few membership changes along the order. The path construction records those changes as crossed tree edges.
Lean source view on GitHub
| 1 | import Lax485480.WelzlTrees |
| 2 | import Lax214022.Cographs |
| 3 | import Lax195003.WelzlOrdersNeighborhoodSetSystem |
| 4 | import Mathlib.Data.Nat.Log |
| 5 | |
| 6 | /-! |
| 7 | --- |
| 8 | title: Cographs have logarithmic Welzl trees |
| 9 | type: theorem |
| 10 | --- |
| 11 | Every cograph on *n* positive vertices has a spanning tree of crossing number |
| 12 | at most `4 * (ceil(log₂ n) + 1)` for its open-neighborhood set system. |
| 13 | |
| 14 | Indeed, a Welzl order determines the path that joins consecutive vertices. |
| 15 | A set crosses exactly the same consecutive pairs in the order as it crosses |
| 16 | edges of this path. The logarithmic Welzl-order bound for cographs therefore |
| 17 | transfers without loss to spanning trees. |
| 18 | |
| 19 | In the terminology of Crespelle and Gambette, the underlying order theorem |
| 20 | is their logarithmic upper bound on cograph contiguity: a neighborhood that |
| 21 | is the union of few intervals has few membership changes along the order. |
| 22 | The path construction records those changes as crossed tree edges. |
| 23 | |
| 24 | # Formalization notes |
| 25 | |
| 26 | Positivity is assumed because a tree is connected and hence has a vertex; |
| 27 | there is no spanning tree on the empty ground set. The ceiling logarithm is |
| 28 | `Nat.clog 2 n`, matching the preceding cograph Welzl-order theorem. |
| 29 | -/ |
| 30 | |
| 31 | namespace Lax485480.CographWelzlTreeUpperBound |
| 32 | |
| 33 | open Lax195003.WelzlOrdersNeighborhoodSetSystem |
| 34 | open Lax214022.Cographs |
| 35 | open Lax485480.WelzlTrees |
| 36 | |
| 37 | /-- Every nonempty cograph has an open-neighborhood Welzl tree with at most |
| 38 | four times one plus the ceiling binary logarithm of its order crossings. -/ |
| 39 | axiom exists_welzlTree_crossingNumber_le_four_clog_add_one |
| 40 | (n : ℕ) (hn : 0 < n) (G : SimpleGraph (Fin n)) (hG : IsCograph G) : |
| 41 | ∃ T : SimpleGraph (Fin n), |
| 42 | IsWelzlTree (neighborhoodSetSystem G 1) T |
| 43 | (4 * (Nat.clog 2 n + 1)) |
| 44 | |
| 45 | end Lax485480.CographWelzlTreeUpperBound |
| 46 |
Formalization notes
Positivity is assumed because a tree is connected and hence has a vertex; there is no spanning tree on the empty ground set. The ceiling logarithm is , matching the preceding cograph Welzl-order theorem.
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