Proof of `Ramsey's theorem`

groundedproofs/Lax14Proofs/Ramsey.lean · lax-14

What this proof establishes

Assuming the claims on the left, the claim on the right holds — checked by the archive's pipeline. Proof code is not displayed here.

Read the Lean proof on GitHub

Description

Every large enough graph contains a clique on aa vertices or an independent set on bb vertices, derived from the multicolour Ramsey theorem for pairs of this submission.

Proof strategy

The graph form is the two-colour case of the multicolour statement, and this module derives it that way rather than reproving it, so that the archive records the derivation.

Apply Lax14.MulticolorRamsey.existsmonochromaticsetLax14.MulticolorRamsey.exists_monochromatic_set with two colours and requested size maxabmax a b, and colour a pair of vertices by 00 when it is an edge of the graph and by 11 otherwise. The colouring is well defined on unordered pairs because adjacency is symmetric, which is what Sym2.liftSym2.lift requires. The resulting monochromatic set of size at least maxabmax a b is a clique when its colour is 00 and an independent set when its colour is 11, since Set.PairwiseSet.Pairwise in either case says exactly that distinct members are adjacent, respectively non-adjacent; maxmax then supplies the requested bound aa in the first branch and bb in the second.

Attribution

Ramsey, On a problem of formal logic (Proc. London Math. Soc. 1930). The mathematical content sits in the proof of the multicolour statement (Lax14Proofs.MulticolorRamseyLax14Proofs.MulticolorRamsey), ported from the proof package of the submission Monadic dependence and neighborhood complexity; this module is only the two-colour specialization.